Originally published by the European Commission as part of their "Digital Minds for a New Europe" series, this article is an edited transcript of a talk given by Rem Koolhaas at the meeting of the high level Group on smart cities, Brussels, 24 September 2014.
I had a sinking feeling as I listened to the presentations of these personalities in the field of smart cities because the city was once the domain of the architect, and now, frankly, they . This is their field of authority transfer was performed intelligently by calling their intelligent city - and calling him smart, our city is condemned to be stupid Here are some thoughts on smart city, some of which are essential;. but in the end, it is clear that those in the digital domain and architects must work together.
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architecture used for the creation of the community, and to make the best stress symbolizing this community. Since the triumph of the market economy in the late 1970s, the architecture expresses more the public values, but the values of the private sector. It is actually a diet - diet ¥ € $ - and it has invaded all areas, whether we like it or not. This regime has had a major impact on cities and the way we understand cities. With security as the outlets, the city has become much less adventurous and more predictable. To make matters worse, while the market economy seized in the late 1970s, the architects have stopped writing manifestos. We stopped thinking about the city at the exact moment of the explosion in urban substance in the developing world. The city has triumphed at the very time that thinking about the city stopped. The city "smart" has stepped into this vacuum. But as commercial companies, your work is changing the concept of the city itself. Perhaps it is no coincidence that "livable" - flat -. Cities like Vancouver, Melbourne and Perth even replace traditional metropolises in our imagination
RHETORIC APOCALYPTIC
the movement of the smart city today is a very crowded field, and therefore its protagonists surround a multiplicity of disasters they can avoid. the effects of climate change, aging population and infrastructure, water and energy supply are presented as problems that smart cities have an answer. apocalyptic scenarios are addressed and mitigated by sensor-based solutions. smart cities based on rhetorical slogans - "fix leaky pipes, saving millions." All saves millions, regardless of the negligible problem, simply because of the scale of the system that will be monitored. The commercial motivation corrupts the very entity that is supposed to serve ... To save the city, we may have to destroy the ...
When we look at the visual language through which the smart city is represented, it is usually with simplistic, child-like rounded edges and bright colors. Citizens of the smart city claims to serve are treated like children. We are nourished cute icons of urban life, integrated with harmless devices, cohering into pleasant diagrams where citizens and businesses are surrounded by circles more and more services that create control bubbles. Why smart cities offer only an improvement? Where is the possibility of transgression? And rather than throwing urban intelligence accumulated over centuries, we must explore how what is now considered "smart" with previous eras of knowledge.
IF MAYORS ruled the world
movement of the smart city focuses on the recent phenomenon over 50 percent of the world population lives in cities. Therefore, the mayors were targeted as customers or initiators of smart cities. The mayors are particularly susceptible to the rhetoric of the smart city: it is very attractive to be a smart mayor. If the book World Mayors Rules offers a world parliament of mayors
This confluence of rhetoric -. The "smart city", the "creative class" and "innovation" - is creating a stronger and stronger argument for consolidation. If you look in a chip control room of the city, such as Rio de Janeiro by IBM, you begin to wonder about the extent of what is effectively controlled.
COMFORT, SAFETY, DURABILITY
Because smart city movement was apolitical in his statements, we must also ask about the policy behind the proposed improvements. A new Trinity at work: the traditional European values of liberty, equality and fraternity were replaced in the 21st century with the comfort, safety and sustainability. They are now the dominant values of our culture, a revolution that has barely been registered.
COURTROOM
The car is a key component of the smart city. It is now equipped with increasingly complex monitoring devices. First, the devices improve driver behavior, but on the other hand, they create a high degree of surveillance. I am not convinced that the public will welcome this degree of surveillance. I prefer the car is not a courtroom.
FARADAY CAGE
Over the past two years, we have, with the Harvard Graduate School of Design, examined the architectural elements - such as wall, floor, door, ceiling, stairs - and saw how they live in the present moment. If the city is increasingly a comprehensive monitoring system, the house turns into a reactive cell automated, fully equipped with appliances such as automated windows that you can open only at certain times of the day; floors with embedded sensors so that the change in the position of a person to the vertical to the horizontal, for any reason, will be stored; spaces that are not heated in their entirety, but will track their inhabitants with sensors and coat in the heat shields. Soon a Faraday cage is a necessary component of any home - a safe in which to withdraw from digital detection and pre-emptive
POLICY
The rhetoric of smart cities would be more persuasive if the environment that technology companies are creating was actually a convincing one that offered models for what the city can be. But if you look at Silicon Valley you see that the greatest innovators in the digital domain have created a bland suburban environment that is becoming increasingly exclusive, insulated tech bubble of the public sphere. It is surprising that the digital movement is facing opposition from his own door. Smart cities and politics were different, increasingly in separate worlds. It is absolutely essential that both converge again.
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